Profile generating mechanism



July l, 1947. J, H, BARNES 2,423,286

PROFILE GENERATING MECHANISM Filed June 9, 1941 9 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS,

July 1, 1947.

J. H. BARNES 2,423,286

PROFILE GENERATING MECHANISM` Filed June 9, 1941 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 "will ATTORNEY i July 1, 1947. J. H. BARNES PROFILE GENERATING MECHANISM 9 Sheets-Shee-t 3 File June 9, 1941 v INVENTOR. BY James #5W/fasi ATTORNEYS.

July 1, 1947. J. H. BARNES PROFILE `GEBUERATIIG? MECHANISM Filed June 9, 1941 91 Sheets-Sheet 4 i mmm. BY James/. 5dr/zw ATTORNEYS July l, 1947. J. H. BARNES 2,423,286

' PROFILE GENERATING MECHANISM Filed June 9, 1941 9v Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. Jam es bf 5W/7 @s ATTORNEYS'.

July `1, 1947. J. H. BARNES 2,423,286

l l' PROFILE GENERATING MECHANISM Filed June 9, 1941 9 sheets-sheet e ffl/9.6.

INVENTOR.,

' ATTORNEYS.

J. H. BARNES 2,423,286

PROFILE GENERATING MECHANISM Filed June 9, 1941 9 Sheets-Sheet '7 5805 CFCIQ l/ INVENTOR. Y Jam dvnes ATTORNEY-5.

' July l, 1941. J. H. BARNES l 2,423,286

PROFILE GENERATING MECHANI'SM l Filed June 9, 1941 9 sheets-sheet 8 Ermes /7. 50W/'K7 g S i MfmfLV/ mw 2 ATTORNEYS.

July 1 1947. .1. H. BARNES *2,423,286-

` PROFILE GENERATING MEQHANISM Filed June 9, 1941 l 9 sheets-sheet 9 INVENTOR. JU/r/@J /7f 50W/e5 Patented July 1, 1947 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 9 Claims.

This invention relates to a profile generating w mechanism and is particularly well adapted for generating the profiles of the teeth of gears and similar rolling power transmitting elements.

It is the object of this invention to produce a proiile generating mechanism which will produce a rolling power transmitting element, such as a gear, of greater accuracy than heretofore possible. The greater accuracy in the generation of the prole in the gear tooth results in quieter operation of the gears. p

Another object of this invention is tc produce a profile generating mechanism for'rolling power transmitting elements which is highly flexible and which can generate or shape any profile desired Where the profile is generated from a continuous curved evolute.

This invention also contemplates a profile generating mechanism which is universal in application because with the same tool it can generate or shape a gear or other rolling power transmitting element of any pitch.

Another feature of the invention is that it utilizes a simple tool, such as a simple cutting or shaping tool, which will generate gear teeth from any base circle diameter within the range of the machine elements.

The machine is useful in generating the pro.

files of al1 types of rolling power transmitting elements such as spur, helical, herring-bone, internal, and bevel gears as well as an innite variety of toothed elements.

The machine is useful in generating convex as well as concave profiles or surfaces and all types of involute curved surfaces including the circular involute curved surface. This machine will generate any desired precise form of involute curve and the same tool will cut gears of any pitch or pressure angle within the range of the machine.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the machine.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section along the line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a rear elevation of the machine along the line 3 3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a vertical section along the line 4 4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section along the line 5 5 of Fig. 17.

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are sections along the lines 6 6, 'I 'I and 8--8 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 9 is a section along the line 9 9 of Fig. 7.

Figs. 10, 11, 12, 13, 15 and 18 aresections along the lines I0 IIJ, II I I, I2 I2, I3 I3, I5 I5, and l8 8 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 14 is a section along the line I4 l4 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 16 is a front elevation of a portion of the machine showing the cutting tool and its control elements in non-cutting position.

Fig. 17 is a front elevation similar to Fig. v16 but showing the cutting tool and its control elements at the end of the cutting or shaving stroke.

Fig. 19 is a detail showing a roughed out gear which is being cut and the path traversed by the cutting tool. y

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the frame of the machine is designated I. .l The frame has journaled therein a shaft 2. One end of the shaft 2 is provided with a spindle 3 which serves as a work holder.` This vmachine is adapted to generate the proiiles of an innite variety of power transmitting bodies. As herein shown by Way of description rather than limitation,v the work is shown as a gear 4 having helical 'gear teeth 5. Gear 4 is securely fixed upon spindle 3 by means of a washer 6 which restsagainst shoulder 'l on the spindle arbor-8, washers 9 and nut IIJ.

During the profile generating operation, which may be any shaping operation such as cutting, shaving, grinding or filing, the gear 4 is held stationary. Between these operations, however, the Work is indexed or rotated to present a new tooth to the `profile generating tool. This vindexing mechanism, Figs. 2 and 3, comprises a cam gear I I which is journaled upon shaft I2 integral with frame I. The drive for the cam gear II comprises `an electric motor I3 which drives pulley I4 by means of belt I5. Pulley I4 is fixed upon shaft I6 which is journaled in the frame Gear I'I, fixed on one end of shaft I6, meshes with gear I8 fixed upon shaft I9. Shaft I9 is journaled in frame I. Gear 2,xed on the other end of shaft I9, meshes with gear 2| fixed on shaft 22 also journaled in the frame I. Gear 23 fixed on shaft 22 meshes directly with cam gear Il. The drive is as follows: Driven pulley I4 drives shaft I6 and gear I'I. Gear I'I `drives gear I8, shaft I9` and.

gear 20. Gear 20 drives gear 2|, shaft 22 and gear 23. Gear 23 drives cam gear II. Gear 20 also drives crank disk gear 24 for purposes described below.

The mechanism for holding the gear 4 in any position to which it is indexed comprises a circular rack 25 which is splined on to shaft 2, a driving gear 26 xed to the face of rack 25 and a pawl 21 slidably mounted in housing 28 xed to the frame I. Pawl 21 is backed up by compression springs 29 which tend to project pawl 21 toward the right and into engagement with rack 25. Pawl 21 is provided on its inner face with a roller 39 which rolls against cam face 3| of cam groove 32 formed in gear II. It will be noted that surface 3| of cam groove has a raised area 33. The 'raised area 33 has a greater radius than the rest of the cam surface 3| and therefore causes roller 30 to move radially outwardly from shaft 2 thereby withdrawing pawl 21 from interengagement with toothed rack 25. While the pawl 21 is disengaged from rack 25, shaft V2 and work gear 4 are free to be indexed.

The indexing of the gear 4 is effected by the following members: Slide 35 supported for vertical sliding movement on'frame I and provided with a roller 36 which travels in cam groove 31. A lever 38 pivotally mounted on pin 39 is pivotally connected at one end with slide 35 and at the other end with connecting rod 40. Connecting rod 40 is pivotally connectedas at 4| with slide member 42 slidably mounted in guide members 43 for vertical reciprocation. Slide 42 also supports drive pawl 44 for horizontal reciprocation.

One end of a bell crank 45, pivoted as at 46, hasa pin and roller thereon operating in a vertical slot 41 in pawl 44 and a roller 48 on the other uend of the bell crank rolls along cam face 50 of cam gear Il. When pawl 21 is disengaged from rack 25, as roller 30 rolls along surface 33, roller 36 rolls along the portion of cam groove 31 having the lesser diameter thereby causing slide 35 to travel downwardly, vlever 38 to swing counterclockwise, and slide 42 to travel upwardly in guides 43. Just prior to the time that slide 42 begins to travel upwardly, roller 48 rolls upon the high side, that is, the portion of cam surface 50 having the greater diameter which swings bell crank 45Vcounterclockwise and shifts pawl 44 to the left to engagement with gear 26. Thus, as slide 42 slides upwardly it also raises pawl 44 thereby rotating gear 26 counterclockwise, Fig. 3, and indexes gear 4, Fig. 1, clockwise to present the next tooth or surface to the prole generating tool.

It should be noted that pivot pin 39 which supports lever 38 is adjustable along its support 5| and that the pivotal connection 52 between slide 35 and lever 38 is also horizontally adjustable. By shifting pivot 39 in slot 53 of support 5| to the left, Fig. 3, one can increase the stroke of pawl 44 and thereby increase the angular distance that the gear 4 is indexed. By shifting pivot 39 to the right, Fig. 3, the angular distance that gear 4 is indexed with each stroke of pawl 44 is decreased.

The prole generating ytool can be any of the well known shaping tools 'such as a cutting tool or grinding tool. By way of illustration, the prole generating tool is shown as a simple cutter 60 held in a tool holder 6| by set screws 62. The shaving tool holder 6| is mounted on a tool holder slide `63. Slide 63 is slidably mounted on pivoted arm 64 by guides 65. Slide block 63 reciprocates radially ofV arm 64. This radial reciprocation is effected by cam 66. Cam 66 is pivotally supported upon a plate 10 by an Allen screw 61, bushing 68 and nut 69. Plate 19 is slidably adjustable laterally in the horizontal groove 1| in the frame member I, Figs. '7 and 9. Cam member 66 can also be adjusted by rotating the same about bushing 68. The bolts 12 and 13 at the top and bottom of cam 66 pass through elongated arcuate slots 14 in the cam 66 which permit limited pivoted or rotary adjustment of the cam 66.

Tool slide 63 is provided with a pin 'i5 which supports roller 16 in cam groove of cam 66. As the arm 64 swings downwardly, roller 16 rolls against side wall 11 of the cam groove of cam 66 and causes tool slide 63 to slide radially inwardly along guideway 65 toward the gear from the position shown in Fig. 16 to that shown in Fig. 17.. As the arm 64 swings from the postiion shown in Fig. 17 upwardly to that shown in Fig. 16, the roller 16 engages the other side wall 18 of the cam groove of cam 66 which causes the tool slide to move radially outwardly of arm 64. Roller 16 has a snug fit in cam groove of cam 66.

Arm 64 has a circular ring portion 89 which is journaled on a circular bearing 8| secured to slide member 82 by screws 83. Slide member 82 is guided for horizontal reciprocation on the frame by guideways 84 and 85. Slide member 82 and bearing member 8| are provided with an opening 86 for the shaft 2. Thus, opening 86 provides a clearance as slide 82 and bearing 8| reciprocate laterally or horizontally with respect to shaft 2. The center of bearing 8|, that is, the center about which arm 64 pivots, is designated 90, Fig. 1. This center, of course, reciprocates laterally with bearing 8 I.

Oscillation of the arm 64 about bearing 8| is effected by a lever 9| pivoted on a shaft 92 integral with the frame I. A connecting rod 93 connects arm 9| with crank disk gear 24. Thus, rotation of crank gear 24 acting through' connecting rod 93 oscillates arm 9| about its bearing support 92. Arm 9| is connected with the outer end of arm 64 by a slide connection 94 (Figs. 1l, 15). Slide connection 94 comprises a slide member secured to the end of arm 9| by bolt 96. Slide member 95 has a sliding t in guide memn ber 91 bolted to the end of arm 64. Sliding connection 94 between driving arm 9| and arm 64 is essential because arm 9| oscillates about a fixed center whereas arm 64 oscillates about center 90 which reciprocates in a rectilinear horizontal path with block 82.

Horizontal reciprocation of slide member 82 and bearing 8| is effected by cam |00. Cam |00 is pivotally mounted by means of pin |0| upon plate |02. Plate |02 is slidably mounted rupon frame for 'lateral or horizontal adjustment. Plate 02 is provided with horizontal ribs |03 which engage in horizontal grooves |04 in frame I. The cam slide base |02 can be clamped in any position of lateral adjustment by clamps |05 which are secured by screws |08 to the frame I, Fig. 6. Screws |06 screw into openings |01 provided in frame I. The cam |08 can also be pivotally adjusted about pin |0| and secured in place by bolts |08 which pass through elongated angular slots |09 in the cam |60. Pivoted arm 64 is provided with adjustable support member |I0 for roller I|I which rolls in the cam groove of cam |00. Support-l I0 is adjustably supported in groove I|2 of arm 64 by screws H3. Screws ||3 pass through elongated slots |I4 in support |I6.

ter and the axis about which said instrument support swings for moving the shaping instrument radially inwardly toward said axis of swinging,^and mechanism also co-acting with said instrument support as it swings said shaping instrument toward a straight line passing through the axis of rotation and said center to simultaneously move said bearing and its movable support rectilinearly in a direction such that the shaping instrument and the axis about which the instrument support swings also move toward said center whereby a prole is generated on said body by the shaping instrument.

5. A device for generating a prole on a rolling power transmitting body comprising means for supporting said body on a fixed center while generating a profile on said body, an instrument support, a bearing upon which said instrument support is journaled for swinging about an axis, a rectilinearly movable support upon which said bearing is xed, a shaping instrument mounted on said instrument support for rectilinear radial movement along said instrument support toward and away from its axis of swinging, means for swinging said instrument support about its said axis toward and away from a straight line passing through the center ofv the support means for the power transmittingr body and the axis of the instrument support, and mechanism co-acting with said instrument support as it swings for simultaneously moving the shaping instrument radially inwardly toward said axis of swinging as said instrument support swings toward said straight line and for rectilinearly moving the said bearing and bearing support toward said support means for said power transmitting body and for simultaneously moving the shaping instrument radially outwardly from said axis of swinging and for rectilinearly moving said bearing and bearing support away from the support means for said power transmitting body whereby a profile is generated on said body by the shaping instrument.

6. A device for generating a profile on a rolling power transmitting body comprising means for supporting said body in a stationary position about a center while generating a prole on said body, an instrument support, a bearing upon which said instrument support is journaled for swinging about an axis, a rectilinearly movable support upon which said bearing is mounted, guideways in which said support moves along a, rectilinear path such that said axis always travels in a single straight line passing through said axis and said center, a shaping instrument mounted on said instrument support for straight line radial movement along said instrument support toward and away from its axis of swinging, and means for swinging said instrument support about its axis toward and away from a position wherein the straight line along which the instrument moves coincides with the straight line passing through said axis and said center, and mechanism co-acting with said instrument support as it swings in a direction to bring said straight lines into coincidence for simultaneously moving the shaping instrument radially inwardly toward said axis of swinging and for rectilinearly moving said bearing and bearing support so as to move said axis toward said center.

7. A device for generating a proiile on a rolling power transmitting body comprising a spindle for supporting said body in a stationary position about a center while generating a profile on said body, an instrument support, a bearing upon which said instrument support is journaled for swinging about an axis, a rectilinearly movable support upon which said bearing is mounted, guideways in which said support moves along a rectilinear path such that said axis always travels in a single straight line passing through said axis and said center, a shaping instrument mounted on said instrument support for straight line radial movement along said instrument support toward and away from its axis of swinging, and means for swinging said instrument support about its axis toward and away from a position wherein the straight line along which the instrument moves coincides with the straight line passing through said axis and said center, and mechanism coacting with said instrument support as it swings in a direction to bring said straight lines into coincidence for simultaneously moving the shaping instrument radially inwardly toward said axis of swinging and for rectilinearly moving Said bearing and bearing support so as to move said axis toward said center.

8. A device for generating a profile on a rolling power transmitting body comprising means for supporting said body in a stationary position about a center while generating a prole on said body, an instrument support arm, a bearing upon which said instrument support arm is journaled for swinging about an axis, a rectilinearly movable support upon which said bearing is mounted, guideways in which said support moves along a rectilinear path such that said axis always travels in a single straight line passing through said axis and said center, a shaping instrument and holder therefor mounted on said instrument support for straight line radial movement along said instrument support arm toward and away from its axis of swinging, and means for swinging said instrument support arm about its axis toward and away from a position wherein the straight line along which the instrument and holder move coincides with the straight line passing through said axis and said center, and mechanism coacting with said instrument support arm as it swings in a direction to bring said straight lines into coincidence for simultaneously moving the shaping instrument and holder radially inwardly toward said axis of swinging and for rectilinearly moving said bearing and bearing support so as to move said axis toward said center.

9. A device for generating a prole on a rolling power transmitting body comprising means for supporting said body in a stationary position about a center while generating a prole on said body, an instrument support, a bearing upon which said instrument support is journaled for swinging about an axis, a rectilinearly movable support upon which said bearing is mounted, guideways in which said support moves along a rectilinear path such that said axis always travels in a single straight line passing through said axis and said center, a shaping instrument mounted on said instrument support for .straight line radial movement along said instrument support toward and away from its axis of swinging, and means for swinging said instrument support about its axis toward and away from a position wherein the straight line along which the instrument moves coincides with the straight line passing through said axis and said center, and mechanism co-acting with said instrument support as it swings in a direction to bring said straight lines into coincidence for simultaneously moving the shaping instrument radially inwardly toward said axis of swinging, and means for rectilinearly moving said bearing REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,790,560 Tanner et al NOV. 26, 1927 Number Number 99,408 521,001

Name Date Barnes Mar. 9, 1925 Nardin May 5, 1908 Stonebraker Nov. 20, 1928 Wainwright Oct. 28, 1941 Philippe July 11, 1939 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Germany Sept. 13, 1898 Great Britain May 9, 1940 

